Free Trade Agreement Between Pakistan And Sri Lanka Case...

Countries No of products in early sensitive list No of products in revised sensitive list(w.e. from. 1 January, 2012) Bangladesh 1233(LDCs) 1241(NLDCS) 987(LDCs) 993(NLDCS) Bhutan 150 156 India 480(LDCs) 868(NLDCS) 25(LDCs) 614(NLDCS) Maldives 681 154 Nepal 1257(LDCs) 1295(NLDCS) 998(LDCs) 1036(NLDCS) Pakistan 1169 936 Sri Lanka 1042 837(LDCs) 963 (NLDCS) Afghanistan 1072 858 http://saarc-sec.org/areaofcooperation/detail.php?activity_id=35 1.3. Pakistan-Sri Lanka: The free trade agreement between Pakistan and Sri Lanka (PSFTA) became effective from June 12, 2005. Under this treaty, Pakistan and Sri Lanka have established to offer better market access to each other’s’ goods by way of granting tariff reductions. Sri Lanka would be able†¦show more content†¦2. Literature Review: Numerous studies have been done to find the relationship between FTAs/PTAs and trade volume of between two countries. Trade incorporation is playing a vital role to surge trade flows between member countries. The number of FTAs and PTAs has increased rapidly during the past decades, involving developed and developing countries in all regions. There are various studies that discuss the trade integration between North-South, South–South and North-North region, trade gain among developing and developed countries, and the modelling approaches used to examine the effect of FTAs/PTAs on bilateral trade flows among member countries. Very few studies on FTAs and trade volume have been done in case of Pakistan. While going through different studies some of them have find mixed and inclusive result like (Abrams, 1980 and Frankel et al, 1995), Most of the recent studies found that FTAs/PTAs has raised the trade volume between associated countries.( Baier Bergstrand, 2007). However, the increase in trade volume is not similar in developed and developing countries. The less developed countries are un-natural trading partners because of their similar comparative advantage, same endowments, limited economic sizes and higher trade costs (Krugman, 1991 and Magee, 2003). Southern countries can play better role in North-South agreements than agreements among themselves, because of havingShow MoreRelatedSri Lankan Apparel Industry : Mas Holdings Post Mfa Essay examples5193 Words   |  21 PagesSri Lankan Apparel Industry : MAS Holdings Facing The Post MFA Era Prepared By: Sulatha Gengatharan Schulich School of Business York University, Canada April 18, 2009 Executive Summary With the phasing out of the Multi Fiber Agreement[i] in 2005, China India have bombarded the market with low cost mass produced apparel. Exports from India and China have grown over 100% with the expiration of the MFA whilst other countries such Sri Lanka and Pakistan have seen a loss of market shareRead MorePositive Negative Impact of Safta on Bangladesh1849 Words   |  8 Pages6. 0. 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Kudler Fine Foods IT Security Report and Presentation †Top Threats Free Essays

Kudler Fine Foods IT Security Report and Presentation – Top Threats Team B has been commissioned to examine the Kudler Fine Foods’ (KFF), frequent shopper, Customer Loyalty Program that is currently in development. The team has also been asked to direct the system development team to ensure the system is established securely so that it properly protects company data and customer information throughout all stages of the system development process. In week 2, the team will examine the Customer Loyalty Program for vulnerabilities in different areas of the system. We will write a custom essay sample on Kudler Fine Foods IT Security Report and Presentation – Top Threats or any similar topic only for you Order Now The study will define the possible threats that exist to the security of the organization’s and the customers’ data and information, the potential vulnerabilities each threat may exploit, and area of the system affected by the threats. Additionally, a summary of the most critical threats to Kudler’s Customer Loyalty Program will be provided. The following table presents the possible threats, the potential vulnerabilities each threat may exploit, and area of the system effected by the threats: Area of Systems Threat Potential Vulnerability Networks Unauthorized access Unsecured equipment room Confidentiality breach E-mail that doesn’t employ scanning of messages Denial of Service Lack of inside firewall can lead to worm spread Natural Disaster Potential issues from lack of redundancy Sniffing Network infiltration via wireless access point Workstations Unauthorized access Patches not current Sniffing Old software versions Natural Disaster Firewall not active Servers Unauthorized access Patches not current Sniffing Old software versions Natural Disaster Firewall not active Employees Social Engineering Training not current Corruption Unhappy Malicious behavior poor work ethic Data Corruption Non secured Deletion Unencrypted data Software Corruption Non-secured Deletion Software that does not employee authorized user access Building Tailgating Front door that doesn’t have employee security guard Unauthorized access Compromised key card access Of the possible threats to Kudler Fine Foods’ Customer Loyalty Program there are two critical threats discovered during our assessment that warrents Kudler’s immediate attention. The first of these threats is Social Engineering. Social Engineering according to Social-Engineer.org (2013), is â€Å"the act of influencing a person to accomplish goals that may or may not be in the ‘target’s’ best interest. This may include obtaining information, gaining access, or getting the target to take certain action.† The employees themselves are the area of the system affected by this threat. Social Engineering exploits their naivety. General lack of experience in recognizing this type of attack is a major reason for its success. Education on what Social Engineering is and how to recognize attacks coupled with company policies written, put into place, and enforced to prevent individuals from divulging or even having access to certain information no matter t he scenario is the recommended course of action. Next is Denial of Service. According to Conklin, White, Williams, Davis, and Cothren (2012), a Denial of Service (DoS) attack is an attack intended to disrupt a system or service from operating normally. The attacker will attempt, through means of crashing the system, closing out a logged on session, or overwhelming a machine with multiple requests that causes the machine to freeze up or as  stated crash. Kudler’s Customer Loyalty Program information could be affected because the program that accesses customer information could be made unavailable by such a DoS attack. This could cause events such as slow terminal responses, systems going offline while updating customer files, and causing system reboots to return to normal operation. This type of attack exploits the weakness of either not having a firewall running in the terminal or server background or a poorly set up firewall allowing too many network requests to be handled by the system. Kudler’s IT department should be aware of this and conduct a system check to ensure that the firewall allows requests from only internal or authorized external sources. As requested by Kudler Fine Foods, Team B has conducted an examination of the Customer Loyalty Program concerning the possible threats and vulnerabilities to their system. A table presenting these threats and vulnerabilities as well as the areas of the system affected has been made available for review. In addition, a summary of the top two critical threats that must be addressed by Kudler Fine Foods has been provided. How to cite Kudler Fine Foods IT Security Report and Presentation – Top Threats, Essays

SBU for Fritolays free essay sample

As a leader in food industry, Frito-Lay developed many strategic business units (SBUs) for its succeed. Each SBU has its own individual managers, resources, mission statement, target market and competitors. A good SBU should respond customers’ demand quickly and effectively, while big organization has the lag of decision making. The following factors which I believe that make Frito-Lay as a successful snacks provider. First, Frito-Lay has lots of brands, however, none of them produce similar products. For example, Lay’s provides classic potato chips and Dorito’s has unique flavor tortilla chips which Frito-Lay has various product differentiation for customers to select. In addition, large product differentiation creates large competitive edges. It gives a clear advantage over the competition in terms of one or more elements of the marketing mix that is valued by potential customers(Pearson). Second, Frito-Lay continues to innovate new flavor chips for its whole brands. For example, Lay’s developed some special flavors for Chinese market. We will write a custom essay sample on SBU for Fritolays or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Also during the summer time, Lay’s has lime, tomato, cucumber flavors. Innovating new flavors and tastes are the key factor for outstanding in this industry. Third, Frito-Lay keeps and develops a global market. From North America to East Asia, we can find Lay’s chips in everywhere, Walmart, 7-11 or Family-Mart in Shanghai. Frito-Lay has the chance to sell its products for large revenues in this global market. Fourth, advertising strategy is one of the successful factors Frito-Lay using for the last decades. We can easily find a Lay’s commercial during Super Bowl, and most of them are very impressive and funny which reminds people Lay’s is the number one chips maker for customers and potential customers. SBUs help company to adjust and correct the existing marketing strategies by SBUs’ feedbacks from customers, marketing operations and reactions of competitors, for resulting to keep whole company grows in a high rate.

Yahoo.com is the company I chose to invest $1,000. Essay Example For Students

Yahoo.com is the company I chose to invest $1,000. Essay 00 in I decided this is the company I want to invest in, because I have been using yahoo.com for two years. I log on to their web site everyday and have always been successfully connected without any problems. Yahoo.com is one of the companies affiliated with NASDAQ. This exchange is utterly unpredictable, put in a second straight day of record gains on Friday March 24, 2000, eradicating the following Friday March 31, 2000 with huge losses and posting the single largest one-day point gain ever. The NASDAQ composite index leaped a whopping 7.19%, or 254 points, closing at 3793.57 points. NASDAQs performance was, in part, a spill-over from the relief rally that kicked in on Friday April 7, 2000 after the index plunged a harrowing 11% on Friday April 14, 2000 and ended the week with a 25 percent loss, the sharpest ever for a major U.S. market index. We will write a custom essay on Yahoo.com is the company I chose to invest $1,000. specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Internet and biotechnology stocks, which played a big role in the April 14,2000 NASDAQ rally, fueled the momentum on the. NASDAQs blue chips, along with its semiconductor and computer-related stocks, contributed heavily to the gains. The popular Internet portal Yahoo.com also had a good day, closing up. Though this is not always the case, as you will see in the enclosed charts the loss I had on the last weeks of my stock tracking.

Administrative Law Sample Essay

Administrative Law Sample EssayIf you're planning to take an Administrative Law class, there are a number of administrative law sample essays that can be helpful in your work. Using these essays will make it easier for you to write your own essay. The first thing you need to do is decide whether you want to take the exam after the semester, or if you want to continue your education after the semester. You should also know how long you have to take the exams, and how many of them you will need to pass in order to get your degree.In order to find out how long you have to take the classes, ask your professor if you have to take them in a specific number of weeks. They will give you the times you have to take the classes in order to graduate in four years. Remember that many schools have some requirements for getting their degrees, so if you are taking longer, they may not accept you into their program. You should also take the time to find out how much the classes cost.If you decide to continue with the online course, you will need to find out what you need to do to make sure that you can actually pass the exam. This means you need to get prepared in advance. There are plenty of administrative law sample essays available on the Internet.There are plenty of websites that offer sample essays, and most of them come with easy-to-use templates that you can modify to write your own essay. You can find a list of sample essays online, and then search the Internet for the essay that you are interested in writing. Once you find a website, you will be able to download the essay that you want to use as a template for your own essay.Once you have your essay ready, you will need to sit down and write your own essay. Since this is the first essay you are going to write for a test, you need to come upwith a nice topic. The essay is the first thing that people see, so it's important that it sounds like it is very professional. You can find information on writing an essay by visiti ng a guide website, which will provide you with information on writing a personal essay.Once you have done this, you will be ready to start to write your final product. You will need to come up with an argument that has everything to do with the topic of the essay. The topic will be the first part of your essay, so make sure that you have an interesting topic that will grab the attention of the reader.By following all of these steps, you should be able to get through your essays easily. It will be very beneficial for you to take an online course in Administrative Law before you take the exam.

Constantine I (306 - 337 A.D.)

Constantine I (306 - 337 A.D.) The Emperor Constantine I was effectively the sole ruler of the Roman world between 324 and 337 A.D.; his reign was perhaps one of the most crucial of all the emperors in determining the future course of western civilization. By beginning the process of making Christianity the religious foundation of his realm, he set the religious course for the future of Europe, which remains in place to this very day. Because he replaced Rome with Constantinople as the center of imperial power, he made it clear that the city of Rome was no longer the center of power and he set the stage for the Middle Ages. His philosophical view of monarchy, largely spelled out in some of the works of Eusebius of Caesarea, became the foundation for the concept of the divine right of kings, which prevailed in Europe.Flavius Valerius Constantinus, the son of Constantius Chlorus and Helena, seems to have been born in Naissus in Serbia on 27 February ca.English: Side view of Ponte Milvio, Rome.272 or 273 A.D. When hi s father had become Caesar in 293 A.D., Constantius had sent his son to the Emperor Galerius as hostage for his own good behavior; Constantine, however, returned to his dying father's side in Britain on 25 July 306. Soon after his father's death, Constantine was raised to the purple by the army. The period between 306 and 324, when Constantine became sole imperator, was a period of unremitting civil war. Two sets of campaigns not only guaranteed Constantine a spot in Roman history, but also made him sole ruler of the Roman Empire. On 28 October 312 he defeated Maxentius, his opponent, at the Battle of the Milvian Bridge; in 314, 316, and 324, he repeatedly defeated his last remaining rival Licinius. Once he had overcome him, he was the undisputed...

The History and Invention of the Paperclip

The History and Invention of the Paperclip Historical references describe fastening papers together as early as the 13th century. During this time, people put ribbon through parallel incisions in the upper left-hand corner of pages. Later, people started to wax the ribbons to make them stronger and easier to undo and redo. This was the way people clipped papers together for the next six hundred years. In 1835, a New York physician named John Ireland Howe invented the machine for mass-producing straight pins, which then became a popular way to fasten papers together (although they were not originally designed for that purpose). Straight pins were designed to be used in sewing and tailoring, to temporally fasten cloth together. Johan Vaaler Johan Vaaler, a Norwegian inventor with degrees in electronics, science, and mathematics, invented the paperclip in 1899. He received a patent for his design from Germany in 1899, as Norway had no patent laws at that time. Vaaler was an employee at a local invention office when he created the paperclip. He received an American patent in 1901. The patent abstract says, It consists of forming same of a spring material, such as a piece of wire, that is bent to a rectangular, triangular, or otherwise shaped hoop, the end parts of which wire piece form members or tongues lying side by side in contrary directions. Vaaler was the first person to patent a paperclip design, although other unpatented designs might have existed first. American inventor Cornelius J. Brosnan filed for an American patent for a paperclip in 1900. He called his invention the Konaclip. A History of Paperclips It was a company called the Gem Manufacturing Ltd. of England that first designed the double oval-shaped, standard paperclip. This familiar and famous paperclip  was and still is referred to as the Gem clip. William Middlebrook of Waterbury, Connecticut, patented a machine for making paperclips of the Gem design in 1899. The Gem paperclip was never patented. People have been re-inventing the paperclip over and over again. The designs that have been the most successful are the Gem with its double oval shape, the non-skid which held in place well, the ideal used for thick wads of paper, and the owl paperclip that does not get tangled up with other paperclips. World War II Protest During World War II, Norwegians were prohibited from wearing any buttons with the likeness or initials of their king on them. In protest, they started wearing paperclips, because paperclips were a Norwegian invention whose original function was to bind together. This was a protest against the Nazi occupation and wearing a paperclip could have gotten them arrested. Other Uses A paperclips metal wire can be easily unfolded. Several devices call for a very thin rod to push a recessed button which the user might only rarely need. This is seen on most  CD-ROM  drives as an emergency eject should the power fail. Various  smartphones  require the use of a long, thin object such as a paperclip to eject the  SIM card. Paperclips can also be bent into a sometimes effective  lock-picking  device. Some types of  handcuffs  can be unfastened using paper clips.